HIGH POSITIVE ORP = DISINFECTING POWER A high positive ORP is desired in sewage treatment, swimming pools and spas, because the higher the ORP, the more oxidation will occur, thus killing the bacteria and unwanted pathogens, by stealing electrons from the bacteria’s DNA, cell membranes and proteins.1Chlorine is added to water because it has a high ORP…
METHODS OF ADMINISTRATION There are a number of methods to consume molecular hydrogen gas (H2),1 including inhalation of H2,2 injection of H2-rich saline,3 dropping H2-rich saline into eyes,4 taking a bath in H2-rich water,5 increasing H2 production by intestinal bacteria,6topical application,7 oral ingestion of hydrogen producing tablets,7 and simply drinking H2-rich water.8 WHICH METHOD IS THE BEST? Each one of the following methods has a been…
Introduction It’s almost impossible to have a conversation about ionized water without hearing the terms alkaline, alkalinity, or alkalized (also misspelled as “alkalyzed”). Distributors/marketers and sales agents will frequently use the phrase “the alkalinity of the water” when what they are really referring to is its higher pH. The Root of the Confusion One cannot look…
WATER CLUSTERS Physical chemists are well aware of water’s mysterious nature1 and the many different forms of water clusters2 due to hydrogen bonding.3 Very little about water clusters in bulk phase (i.e. water not at the surface or edges of another material) is understood.4 In fact, it is considered to be one of the unsolved problems in chemistry.5 These clusters…
SCIENCE FOR STABLE MICROCLUSTERS: THEY DO NOT EXIST There is no valid scientific evidence for the existence of these microclusters,1,2,3 but the myth continues to be propagated because there are seven main pseudo (false) evidences for it, which are used by companies and marketers to promote their products. What follows is a brief discussion of these…
PART 3. WHAT IF THEY EXISTED? CHEMICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES POINTS TO CONSIDER Part 2 of the topic explained how all the evidence used to support microclustering is invalid. Here are a couple common sense ideas that refute the microclustering myth without all the technical science. COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES ARE THE SAME If there really were a…
Li, J., et al., Protective effects of molecular hydrogen on steroid-induced osteonecrosis in rabbits via reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 2017. 18(1): p. 58. Guo, J., et al., Hydrogen-rich saline prevents bone loss in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin. Int Orthop, 2017. 41(10): p. 2119-2128. Yamada, T., et al., Hydrogen supplementation of preservation solution improves…
Zhang, W., et al., Hydrogen alleviates cellular senescence via regulation of ROS/p53/p21 pathway in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vivo. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2018. 106: p. 1126-1134. Xu, F., et al., Hydrogen-Rich Saline Ameliorates Allergic Rhinitis by Reversing the Imbalance of Th1/Th2 and Up-Regulation of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Regulatory T Cells, Interleukin-10, and Membrane-Bound Transforming Growth Factor-beta in Guinea…
Yang, Y., Y. Zhu, and X. Xi, Anti‑inflammatory and antitumor action of hydrogen via reactive oxygen species. Oncology Letters, 2018. 16(3): p. 2771-2776. Wang, D., et al., Hydrogen gas inhibits lung cancer progression through targeting SMC3. Biomed Pharmacother, 2018. 104: p. 788-797. Jiang, Y., et al., Therapeutic efficacy of hydrogenrich saline alone and in combination with PI3K…
Yuan, J., et al., Hydrogen-rich water attenuates oxidative stress in rats with traumatic brain injury via Nrf2 pathway. J Surg Res, 2018. 228: p. 238-246. Wu, X., et al., Hydrogen exerts neuroprotective effects on OGD/R damaged neurons in rat hippocampal by protecting mitochondrial function via regulating mitophagy mediated by PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway. Brain Res, 2018. Wang, H.,…
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